Phosphates are released from rocks in weathering process in form of phosphate ions, which are soluble in water. Phosphate are produced in natural process but can be man-influenced from sewage treatment and effect from agriculture. Phosphate are found in biological community and low polluted water. Phosphorus is one of the key element for the growth of plants and animals. In lake ecosystem it is a growth limiting nutrient because it is often scarce in well oxygenated lake and low level of phosphorus limit the production of freshwater system. Phosphate are consumed and transfer in Kreb's cycle. It also has other usage such as forming ATP from ADP, and form a sugar-phosphate backbone in DNA and RNA.
Phosphates stimulate the growth of microorganism like plankton and aquatic plants, which provide food for larger organism like fish and human. This increase in productivity will caused increase in population and diversity of organisms.
Nitrate does not has direct affect on aquatic animals. However excess concentration of nitrates will make it difficult for animal to survive in water. It is because plants use nitrate as a source of food, so the population of plant under water will increase. The problem is that plants produce oxygen in day time, however at night it consumes oxygen. It will cause animals to die at night from lack of oxygen.
Sulfide in water will produce an rotten egg odor and taste in water. Sulfide is flammable and poisonous for organisms. However sulfide is not dangerous unless presented in very high concentration. It has been known to cause nausea, illness and death.
Oxygen is also a very important part of ecosystem. Fish and aquatic organisms need oxygen to live. The transfer of oxygen can be present in low concentration water. There are many sources for oxygen in water habitat. One of the source of oxygen in lake is from the air and inflowing streams. Oxygen in air is about 21%, it is higher that oxygen in water, which is less than a fraction of 1%. When air and water meets, the difference in concentration of water and air cause an oxygen molecules in air to dissolve into water. The waves and current of water causes them to have more more surface area of contact between air and water, more diffusion can occur. Another process is the relationship between water temperature and gas concentration. Water that has low temperature can hold high volume of any gas. On the other hand, water that has high temperature can hold less volume of gas. It means that water that has low temperature has more oxygen in it. It is because warm water is more saturated with oxygen. The living organisms in the water will also affect the oxygen in the water. The plants such as algae or seaweed will produce oxygen through photosynthesis. On the other hand, animals will consume oxygen in water, results in less concentration of oxygen.
The sample water is collected at Nong Bon water conservation. Nong Bon is a water conservation place that is built in 1996. The purpose of this water conservation is to help the flooding situation in bangkok because water from the east is difficult to get to the sea. It has an area of 240 acres and can contain water volume of 5 million cubic meter. It has a total of 3 ponds and has a canal around it. Later it is developed to be a water sport center in year 2005. Then developed again as a 4km cycling routes. The water sample is collected from the water surface of the pond inside the Nong Bon and the canal around it.
http://www.water-research.net/index.php/phosphate-in-water
http://www.lakeaccess.org/russ/oxygen.htm
Phosphates stimulate the growth of microorganism like plankton and aquatic plants, which provide food for larger organism like fish and human. This increase in productivity will caused increase in population and diversity of organisms.
Nitrate does not has direct affect on aquatic animals. However excess concentration of nitrates will make it difficult for animal to survive in water. It is because plants use nitrate as a source of food, so the population of plant under water will increase. The problem is that plants produce oxygen in day time, however at night it consumes oxygen. It will cause animals to die at night from lack of oxygen.
Sulfide in water will produce an rotten egg odor and taste in water. Sulfide is flammable and poisonous for organisms. However sulfide is not dangerous unless presented in very high concentration. It has been known to cause nausea, illness and death.
Oxygen is also a very important part of ecosystem. Fish and aquatic organisms need oxygen to live. The transfer of oxygen can be present in low concentration water. There are many sources for oxygen in water habitat. One of the source of oxygen in lake is from the air and inflowing streams. Oxygen in air is about 21%, it is higher that oxygen in water, which is less than a fraction of 1%. When air and water meets, the difference in concentration of water and air cause an oxygen molecules in air to dissolve into water. The waves and current of water causes them to have more more surface area of contact between air and water, more diffusion can occur. Another process is the relationship between water temperature and gas concentration. Water that has low temperature can hold high volume of any gas. On the other hand, water that has high temperature can hold less volume of gas. It means that water that has low temperature has more oxygen in it. It is because warm water is more saturated with oxygen. The living organisms in the water will also affect the oxygen in the water. The plants such as algae or seaweed will produce oxygen through photosynthesis. On the other hand, animals will consume oxygen in water, results in less concentration of oxygen.
The sample water is collected at Nong Bon water conservation. Nong Bon is a water conservation place that is built in 1996. The purpose of this water conservation is to help the flooding situation in bangkok because water from the east is difficult to get to the sea. It has an area of 240 acres and can contain water volume of 5 million cubic meter. It has a total of 3 ponds and has a canal around it. Later it is developed to be a water sport center in year 2005. Then developed again as a 4km cycling routes. The water sample is collected from the water surface of the pond inside the Nong Bon and the canal around it.
http://www.water-research.net/index.php/phosphate-in-water
http://www.lakeaccess.org/russ/oxygen.htm